The existence of informal water suppliers is well-documented in urban areas.

1. The Role of Small, Local Service Providers in Inclusive Citywide Water and Sanitation
2. Building Inclusive and Resilient Citywide Water & Sanitation Services: An evidence-based review of the role of small local service providers (SLPs)
3. The entrepreneurship myth in small-scale service provision: Water resale in Maputo, Mozambique
4. The Persistence of Informality: Small-Scale Water Providers in Manila’s Post-Privatisation Era